As the new EU institutions set the future direction of Europe, this third edition of the Eurocities Monitor presents many of the most interesting data and insights gathered throughout the year by Eurocities staff, and from our network of more than 6,000 city officials from across Europe.
These includes cities’ work when it comes to: climate and environment, culture, digital transformation, economic development, Russia’s war in Ukraine, urban food policies, governance, migration, urban mobility and inclusive cities.
The Eurocities Pulse Mayors Survey 2025, which constitutes a major element of this publication, aims to ‘take the pulse’ of mayors and cities at a key moment for the future prosperity of our continent. The survey is based on research conducted among 86 mayors in 26 European countries. Between December 2024 and February 2025, mayors were invited to reply to an online survey.
In their top priorities for 2025, more than half of mayors have selected climate action for the third year running; more than double any other category. Despite reduced support at EU and national levels, mayors are investing in green infrastructure, clean mobility and adaptation measures.
At the same time, access to affordable housing has surged in urgency, up into second place this year, with mayors emphasising the need to increase affordable and social housing. Only 14% of mayors say housing is still affordable in their city.
Mayors’ third biggest priority is tackling inequalities and supporting social inclusion. Key investments for mayors include supporting marginalised groups and expanding people’s access to education and jobs.
In terms of challenges, a third of mayors report persistent budget pressures, driven by high inflation and global instability, especially Russia’s war in Ukraine, with many having to scale back investments in housing, infrastructure, and climate action.
As the EU prepares its next long-term budget and a new policy agenda for cities, mayors call for more direct access to EU funding and a stronger role in policymaking.
In a year marked by political uncertainty and rising populism, mayors reaffirm their commitment to defending Europe’s democratic values. Over 70% are optimistic about the EU’s future, compared to much lower trust in national governments.
Cities making a difference
Sustainable transport is one of the special focuses of this year’s Eurocities Pulse Mayors Survey and another key priority for mayors, who are working to expand networks, keep services affordable, and improve connectivity. However, over half of mayors cite funding gaps and high costs to be major barriers.
Another focus is housing affordabilty, with mayors across Europe stating the need to boost the supply of affordable and social housing. For 39% of mayors, housing is already unaffordable, and 47% say it is at serious risk. To respond, mayors are focusing on building more public and social housing, making better use of public land and empty buildings, and expanding rent controls and tenant protections.
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